European medium temperature heat for industrial processes: needs, barriers, and opportunities for direct use renewable heat technologies

to identify both available and emerging direct use-renewable heating technologies, including, when applicable, thermal energy storage systems, their potential to fulfil the heat demand for these industries, and the barriers for their deployment (including technical, regulatory, and financial issues)

. The action is also expected to produce a catalogue of best practices, highlighting examples per industry type and per temperature range of direct-use renewable heating demonstrators. Pathways for secondary uses of waste heats from these i