Study on the provision of social and essential services to low-income households and their possible contribution to the adequacy of income support

chemes, and their contribution to the adequacy of income support. The study will constitute an important input for the European Commission and policymakers to help design specific interventions having the biggest impact on poverty reduction.

The objective of this study is to provide a clearer understanding of the existing arrangements in the EU Member States regarding the provision of social and essential services/in-kind benefits within the minimum income s